Are the Precepts of the IBM Training Program Consistent...

1. The precepts of the IBM training program are consistent with the concepts in this chapter because there are a lot of consensuses. There are for example power, which is according to Robbins and Judge, â€Å"a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance with A’s wishes† (p.420) and the power tactics, which are, according to Robbins and Judge, â€Å"ways in which individuals translate power bases into specific actions† (p.425). There are different power tactics an individual can use by moving people into specific actions. A research has defined nine distinct influence tactics. The most effective ones are rational persuasion, inspirational appeals and consultation. The least effective one is pressure. Furthermore,†¦show more content†¦Again, there a various factors that influence the political behavior. These factors are individual and organizational factors. Individual factors include for example high self-monitor or high mach personality, as it is illustrated in Exhibit 13-3. In contrast, the organizational factors include factors like reallocation of resources, role ambiguity, and democratic decision making. Combining those factors, it will lead to high political behavior which can lead to favourable outcomes such as rewards and averted punishment for both individuals and groups in an organization. With knowing this IBM could improve their communication within their organization and furthermore, they can be more efficient. 3. If I had a manager who wanted me to do something against my initial inclinations, IBM’s â€Å"make trade-offs† and â€Å"negotiate collaboratively† would work best for me. Trade-offs are really important to have between an employer and an employee because if something is not working the way I want, because my employer wants it different than it is good to talk about it to find tradeoffs. It would also help the manager to make me more what he wants when he makes trade-offs because if my manager would offer me benefits when I am doing what is asked from me than I would do it more easily and wouldn’t care about my inclinations that much compared to when there would not be any trade-off. Negotiations are alsoShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! 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Understanding the Present Perfect Tense in German

As you study the German language, you will come across the present perfect tense (Perfeckt), which is also called the compound past tense. Its used most often in conversation and there are a few rules you need to know in order to form and use it. This lesson will review those rules and is an important part of understanding German verb conjugations. Perfekt: The Present Perfect Tense The present perfect tense is formed by using one of three types of past participles: weak (regular), strong (irregular), and mixed. This past tense form is often referred to as the conversational past since it is most often used in spoken German when speaking about events in the past. In English, we say, We saw him yesterday. This can be expressed in German as, Wir sahen ihn gestern. (simple past,  Imperfekt) or Wir haben ihn gestern gesehen. (present perfect,  Perfekt). The latter form is also referred to as a compound tense because it is formed by combining a helping verb (haben) with the past participle (gesehen). Even though the literal translation of Wir haben ihn gestern gesehen, is We have seen him yesterday, it would normally be expressed in English simply as, We saw him yesterday. Study these example  German verbs  with their  past participle  forms in the  present perfect tense: to have haben hat gehabt to go gehen ist gegangen to buy kaufen hat gekauft to bring bringen hat gebracht You should notice several things about the verbs above: Some have past participles that end in  -t, while others end in  -en.Some use  haben  (to have) as a helping verb, while others use  sein  (to be). Keep this in mind as we  continue  our review of the German present perfect. Weak Verbs Regular (or weak) verbs are predictable and can be pushed around. Their past participles always end in -t  and are basically the third person singular with  ge- in front of it:   to play spielen gespielt to make machen gemacht to say, tell sagen gesagt The so-called -ieren  verbs (fotografieren,  reparieren,  studieren,  probieren, etc.) do not add  ge- to their past participles:  hat fotografiert. Strong Verbs Irregular (or strong) verbs are unpredictable and cannot be pushed around. They tell you what theyre going to do. Their past participles end in -en  and must be memorized:   to go gehen gegangen to speak, talk sprechen gesprochen Although there are various patterns that their past participles follow (and they sometimes resemble similar patterns in English) it is best to simply memorize past participles such as gegessen, gesungen, geschrieben, or gefahren. It should also be noted that there are more rules for verbs with separable and inseparable prefixes, though we wont get into that here.   Mixed Verbs This third category is also rather unpredictable. As with the other irregular verbs, the participles for mixed verbs need to be memorized. As their name implies, these mixed verbs mix elements of the weak and strong verbs to form their past participles. While they end in -t  like weak verbs, they have a stem change like strong verbs: to bring bringen gebracht to know kennen gekannt to know wissen gewut When to Use  Sein  as Helping Verb In English, the present perfect is always formed with the helping verb have,  but in German  some verbs require to be (sein) instead. There is a rule for this condition:   Verbs that are intransitive (take no direct object) and involve a change of condition or location use  sein  as a helping verb, rather than the more common  haben. Among the  few exceptions to this rule  are  sein  itself and  bleiben, both of which take  sein  as their helping verb. This rule applies to only a small number of verbs and it is best to simply memorize those that typically use  sein  as a helping verb. One thing that will help is to remember them is that most of these are intransitive verbs which refer to motion. bleiben  (to stay)fahren  (to  drive, travel)fallen  (to  fall)gehen  (to  go)kommen  (to  come)laufen  (to  run)reisen  (to  travel)sein  (to  be)steigen  (to  climb)sterben  (to  die)wachsen  (to  grow)werden  (to  become) Example Er ist schnell gelaufen. means He ran fast.

Marketing plan description Free Essays

What major demographic developments and trends pose opportunities or threats to firms doing business in this product category? Cutter Automotive can expect the following demographic changes to affect them (Ferron J) Reduction in number of customers who buy on impulse The customer base is decreasingly responsive to novelty , change and variety The customer of the present generation is looking for quality , durability and appropriateness There is an increased trade off between time and convenience to get a good buy. The customer base is looking for the best bargain and is not loyal like the earlier generations There is noticed increased loyalty to brands but not over all the products of that brand. The generation of today is spending more time and money at home There is noticed an increased focus on purchases with the future in mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing plan description or any similar topic only for you Order Now The customer is also information savvy and can be expected to know the in and out of the products and offers. The above list of changes can be an opportunity or a threat to the firm depending on the decisions that it implements. The firm can tailor its future business plan to take into account the changing mindset of the customer and make the shift in demographics an opportunity not a threat. The customer of the future is looking for the best bargain and is working more often than not on a budget.    The families of tomorrow are also 2 or more car families and if the dealership can convert sale into loyalty, the benefits could accrue in the form of future business. Due to the advent of the information age, the dealer can no longer rely on smooth talking sales personnel but on delivery of facts and offers. The dealership also needs to keep in mind the increase in online booking especially since the cars are mass made. What broad cultural or sub cultural patterns affect the public’s attitude towards the firms and/or products of the firms doing business in this product category? There exists a general perception amongst the public that car dealerships can be equated to words like â€Å"fleecing†. There also exists a perception like the dealership sells old cars made to look like new, over charges for accessories, the discounts advertised are not really discounts; customer is leeched if not careful. In a study conducted by HarrisInteractive for a project entitled Automotive Retailing today in 2004 , it was found that negative perceptions about what it is like to buy a car from a dealership is very different from actual experiences . These are sentiments handed down from generation to generation or person to person. A sample few may have had a bad experience or the dealership attitude may have been in the projected negative mould, and this has established itself as the image associated with a car dealership. This perhaps stems from the time when manufacturers were few , the car dealer was the all knowing and important person in control of sales , there was a monopoly of sorts and the product was an expensive investment. This situation may have given rise to the advice â€Å" Be careful while buying a car from the dealership , they will try to fleece you†. The study also found that people did not trust car dealerships in general but trusted â€Å"their† dealership, people held the perception that buying a car from the dealer is always a bad experience but personally never had one , women are not treated as well as men in an auto dealership. Cited Ferron ,   J., an How to cite Marketing plan description, Essays

Drugs and their effect on the human cognitive psyche Essay Example For Students

Drugs and their effect on the human cognitive psyche Essay In this literature review paper, I would like to review the correlation between chronic drug abuse in adolescence and the decrease in cognitive functioning in adolescence through early adulthood. I have found several articles that examine and formulate thoughts and opinions through studies and an analysis of prior research studies and research journals. While using the research studies and journals that I have found, I would like to target and examine the direction of the correlation between drug abuse in adolescence and the decrease in cognitive functioning throughout adolescence and early adulthood. Are adolescents who have suffered from drug abuse at risk for complications in their cognitive abilities, or do they somehow end up on an equal level with those who haven?t suffered from a drug addiction? If either of these statements is true, I want try and understand why through logical means. I will summarize the perspective and the outcome of recent studies and evaluate the importance of their findings. I will also review several techniques for combating adolescent drug abuse and how to alleviate some of the pressure from adolescents who are currently abusing drugs. There are many popular drugs amongst the community of adolescents of today. One of these popular drugs that have a large impact on cognitive brain functioning is Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (?Ecstacy?) or MDMA as its abbreviated name (Johnston et al., 2009). MDMA is a drug that is used to reduce the brain serotonin (5-HT) axonal markers. This reduction of these 5-HT axonal markers causes a loss of inhibition 3in many users and also causes a euphoric feeling that causes the user to feel often times ?fully orgasmic? to the touch and in tune with the ?levels of the world? (Mechan et al. , 2006; Green et al., 2003). MDMA has been a popular drug that has been on a rise for the past 20-30 years. Ever since its birth it has spread through the party and nightlife community like wildfire. It has only become accessible and sought after by adolescents in the past 10 years. The rise in the allure of MDMA can be attributed to its distribution methods (Johnston et al., 2009). In Una D. McCann et al. study, ?Sleep Deprivation Differently Impairs Cognitive Performance in Abstinent Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (?Ecstacy?) Users,? it is expressed that, ? MDMA users have been found to have subtle cognitive deficits (2009). This group of researchers sought to test a hypothesis that sleep disturbance plays a role in cognitive deficits in MDMA and abstinent MDMA users. The study used nineteen abstinent MDMA users and 21 control subjects too participate in a five-day inpatient study in a clinical research laboratory. Cognitive performance was tested three times daily using a computerized cognitive battery. On the third day of admission, subjects were asked to begin a 40 hour sleep deprivation period and continued cognitive testing as usual consisting of the same daily schedule. These tests found that MDMA users performed less accurately than controls on a task of working memory and more impulsively on four of the seven computerized tests. During the phase of sleep deprivation, MDMA users, but not the controls, became increasingly impulsive, performing more rapidly with a greater number of mistakes towards the tasks of working and short-term memory. This particular research study?s findings were the first to 4demonstrate that memory problems in MDMA users and abstinent MDMA users may be related and suggest that cognitive deficits in MDMA users may become more prominent in situations associated with an increase in sleep deprivation (McCann et al. , 2009). This research study showed the correlation between drug usage (MDMA), sleep deprivation, and cognitive functioning (memory). Another drug that has a correlational effect with cognitive functions is Methamphetamine. Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant, with epidemic increases in use of this drug recorded globally (Meredith et al. .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .postImageUrl , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:hover , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:visited , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:active { border:0!important; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:active , .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3 .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1a7920d5f4537b723faa796640f147d3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Arts Integration Essay, 2005). Numerous studies have shown that methamphetamine disrupts neurotransmitter and other brain functions; in particular the ?dopaminergic system, although changes in serotonergic, noradrenergic, and gluta- matergic function are also observed? (Meredith et al., 2005). Methamphetamine is known by many street names including: meth, ice, frost, and crystal meth. Methamphetamine is thought of as one of the worst drugs in all of human history for the effects it has had on society as a whole. Many regard crystal meth to be the reason we live in the corrupt world we live in today (Henry et al., 2008).In Julie D. Henry et al. study, ?Prospective Memory Impairment in Former Users of Methamphetamine,? it is discussed the effects that methamphetamine have on human cognitive function. The cognitive function that is addressed in this research study is memory. The premise of the study is based around the idea that considerable prior research indicates that methamphetamine use is associated with neuro-cognitive impairment, but no empirical study to date has assessed whether these difficulties extend prospective memory. The study reviewed prospective performance on a laboratory 5measure of prospective memory that closely represents the types of prospective memory tasks that actually occur in life and provides an opportunity to study the different sorts of prospective memory mistakes that occur. The study consisted of twenty adults with a history of methamphetamine use and dependence, currently engaged in rehabilitation and abstinent for an average period of 6 months, and 20 individuals who were unknown to the effects or the experience of methamphetamine. Various other aspects of cognitive function were also assessed, including retrospective memory and executive functioning. Methamphetamine users were significantly impaired during the time the test was administered, and these deficits did not vary as a member of specific prospective memory task demands. Of all the cognitive functions being tested, cognitive inhibition shared greatest variance with group effects on the prospective memory measure. This study concludes that prospective memory performance correlates with previous methamphetamine use even well into abstinence. Methamphetamine users experience generalized difficulties with prospective memory, suggesting that these deficits are likely to have important implications for day-to-day functioning. The results indicated that methamphetamine users were significantly impaired on measures of retrospective memory and executive. This study showed a positive correlation between methamphetamine use/addiction and a decrease in general cognitive functioning, more specifically memory and any activities that require the memory as a basis of use (Henry et al., 2008).